Which type of air pollution is primarily associated with substances like ozone?

The type of air pollution primarily associated with substances like ozone is photochemical smog. This form of smog is formed when sunlight reacts with pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are often emitted from vehicles and industrial facilities. The heat and light from the sun drive these chemical reactions, resulting in the creation of ozone at ground level, which is a key component of photochemical smog.

In contrast, industrial smog typically results from the burning of fossil fuels, which releases sulfur dioxide and particulates into the atmosphere, often leading to the formation of sulfuric acid. Acid rain refers to precipitation that has been acidified, primarily due to sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides reacting with water in the atmosphere, rather than ozone specifically. Particulate matter consists of tiny solid or liquid particles suspended in the air, which can arise from various sources but do not include ozone as a direct component. Thus, photochemical smog distinctly relates to ozone, emphasizing its role as a significant air pollutant formed through photochemical reactions.