Which two gases are primarily responsible for acid rain?

The gases primarily responsible for acid rain are sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These pollutants are released into the atmosphere through various human activities, such as fossil fuel combustion in power plants and vehicles.

Once in the atmosphere, sulfur dioxide can react with water vapor and oxygen to produce sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), while nitrogen oxides can react similarly to form nitric acid (HNO₃). These acids then mix with rainwater, leading to acid rain, which can significantly harm ecosystems, damage buildings, and impact water quality.

This recognition of SO₂ and NOx as the main contributors to acid rain is essential for understanding pollution control measures, as reducing these emissions can significantly mitigate the problem of acid deposition.