Which of the following is a health effect related to short-term exposure to air pollution?

Short-term exposure to air pollution can lead to various immediate health effects, one of which is eye irritation. This occurs because pollutants, such as particulate matter, ozone, and other volatile organic compounds, can directly irritate the sensitive mucous membranes of the eyes. Symptoms may include redness, discomfort, tearing, and a burning sensation. Eye irritation is often one of the first noticeable effects of air pollution, particularly in individuals who are more sensitive, such as those with pre-existing respiratory conditions.

Other options, while they can also be effects of air pollution, may not be as directly associated with short-term exposure as eye irritation. Skin irritation, for example, can arise from longer-term or cumulative exposure to environmental pollutants. Nausea can be linked to various factors, including long-term exposure to certain chemicals, and fatigue might be more associated with chronic or prolonged exposure to poor air quality rather than acute incidents. Therefore, eye irritation is a clear and recognized health effect of short-term exposure to air pollution, making it the correct choice.