Which of the following actions can help reduce air pollution?

Promoting energy efficiency is a key strategy in reducing air pollution because it minimizes energy consumption, which often comes from burning fossil fuels. When energy efficiency measures are implemented—such as upgrading buildings with better insulation, using energy-efficient appliances, or improving industrial processes—less energy is required to achieve the same output. This reduction in energy demand leads to decreased reliance on fossil fuel combustion, which is a significant source of air pollutants, including particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide.

Moreover, by using energy more effectively, we can also lower greenhouse gas emissions tied to climate change, which often accompany air quality issues. Increased energy efficiency not only benefits the environment by reducing emissions but also contributes to economic savings for consumers and businesses, further promoting sustainable practices in society.

In contrast, options like increased use of fossil fuels and encouraging single-occupancy vehicle use would typically lead to higher emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases. Expanding urban development could also exacerbate pollution if not managed with sustainable planning practices. Therefore, promoting energy efficiency stands out as a sound method for combating air pollution and fostering a healthier environment.