What could be a long-term consequence of elevated levels of particulate pollutants?

Elevated levels of particulate pollutants can have significant negative impacts on agricultural productivity, making it the most fitting consequence among the options. Particulate matter, which can include a variety of toxic substances, can settle on crops and soil, affecting plant growth and soil health. This pollution can disrupt photosynthesis, leading to reduced crop yields, which is particularly concerning for staple food crops.

Airborne particulates can also contribute to the acidification of soil and water, further harming agricultural outputs. As a result, farmers may face increased challenges in maintaining productivity, ultimately leading to food supply issues and economic stress in agricultural communities.

In contrast, higher levels of particulate pollutants would not lead to increased biodiversity or promote urban development, as poor air quality generally degrades the living conditions for both humans and wildlife. Additionally, while there may be short-term impacts on public health due to exposure to particulates, the long-term consequences tend to be detrimental rather than enhanced.