Fine and ultrafine particles lodged in the lungs cause all of the following health issues EXCEPT?

Fine and ultrafine particles, often found in air pollution, are known to penetrate deep into the respiratory system and can have significant health impacts. They are particularly linked to respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and worsening asthma symptoms. These particles can also induce or exacerbate cardiovascular problems because they enter the bloodstream through the lungs, leading to inflammation and other cardiovascular risks.

Cataracts, on the other hand, are primarily related to aging and factors such as UV exposure and genetics rather than directly caused by inhalation of pollutants. While overall environmental pollution can contribute to various health issues, cataracts are not a direct outcome of fine or ultrafine particulate matter lodged in the lungs. This distinguishes cataracts from the other health issues related to air pollution, making it the correct answer in this context.